Process of dyeing.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RENE O'IT, OE ELBERFELD, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FARBENFABRIKEN VORM. FRIEDB. BAYER & (10., OF ELBERFELD, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

PROCESS OF DYEING.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. December 22, 1908.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Rnnii Orr, chemist, citizen of the German Empire, residing at Elberfeld, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Processes of Dyeing, of which the following is a specification.

The hitherto known process of dyeing the vegetable fiber with alizarin and other oxyanthraquinone dyestuffs generally consists of three separate operations: 1, oiling the fiber; 2, mordanting the oiled fiber; 3, dyeing the oiled and mordanted fiber. The dyed fiber is then frequently steamed and finally cleared. The steaming process is sometimes omitted and the clearing effected after the dyeing.

I have discovered a new process by which the mordanting and dyeing can be carried out in a single operation and in the same bath by dyeing from a bath containing the dyestuff, the mordant and approximately one part of a salt to every 100 parts of water. A great variety of salts may be used but care has to be taken not to select any which might react with the mordant or dye or might otherwise injure the result. The following salts may 6. g. be used: NaCl, Na SO,, KGl, NILCl, K SO etc.

My new process of treating the vegetable fiber has the great advantage of rendering the separate mordanting operations unnecessary. In this way much labor is saved because the mordanting of the fiber in most of the cases does not only require several treatments of the fiber with the mor'dants, but also necessitates intervening drying of the goods and precipitation of the mordant on the fiber. By the addition of the large quantity of salts to the dyebath the dyebath is kept clear until almost the end of the operation, because the salts practically prevent the formation of insoluble color lakes in the bath. The shades thus obtained are therefore bright, clear and strong and the apparatus in which the dyeing operation is performed remains clean and free from the dirty precipitates due to the formation of insoluble color lakes.

Finally my new process of dyeing also does away with the steaming process which becomes frequently necessary in dyeing with alizarins.

In carrying out the new process practically I can proceed as follows, the parts being by weight:

Example 1 50 parts of cotton oiled in the known manner are dyed in a bath composed of: 1200 parts water, 5 parts alizarin in a 20 per cent. paste, 30 parts common salt, 8 parts sulfate of alumina, at parts solution of acetate of lime (16 B.). Enter the yarn, work about 20 minutes cold, then raise gradually in a hour to boiling and boil g to 1 hour, throw out and wash. The goods are now cleared by boiling them with soap and soda.

Example 2: Dye 50 parts of cotton previously oiled in the usual way in a bath composed of: 1.200 parts water, 30 parts common salt, 5 parts alizarin II AB (20%,) 4 parts solution of sodium bisulfite 10 B.,) 3 parts sulfate of alumina, and three parts solution of acetate of lime, (16 B.,) and treat the dyed goods as described in the first example.

Example 3: Dye 50 parts of cotton previously oiled in the usual way in a bath composed of: 1200 parts water, 30 parts common salt, a part concentrated solution of formic acid, 5 parts alizarin orange R,

(20%,) 1 parts solution of sodium bisulfite (40 B.) and 2 parts sulfate of alumina, and treat the goods as is described in the first example.

Example 4: For 50 parts of oiled cotton prepare a bath from: 1200 parts water, 30 parts common salt, 9,- part concentrated solution of formic acid, 4 parts alizarin Bordeaux, (20%,) 2 parts solution of acetate of lime, (16 B.,) and 1.6 parts sulfate of alumina, and treat the goods as described in the first example. Soap at 80 C.

Example 5: For 50 parts of cotton prepare a dyebath from: 1200 parts water, 30 parts common salt, 5 parts 12. 1.56.8- hexaoxyanthraquinone (10%) in paste, J part concentrated solution of formic acid, 1 6 parts sulfate of alumina, and 2 parts solution of acetate of lime, (16 B.). Dye as described in the first example, soap at 80 C.

Example 6. Prepare a dyebath from: 1200 parts water, 30 parts common salt, 5 parts alizarin blue S in paste, 2 parts solution of sodium bisulfite, (40 B.,) and 5 parts solution of acetate 0 chromium, (20

B.). Enter the oiled goods, Work 20 minutes cold, raise in a hour to boiling and boil 1 hour. Wash and soap at 70450 C.

Example 7: Dye 50 parts of cotton previously oiled in the usual Way in the fol owing bath: 1200 parts Water, 30 parts common salt, 5 parts alizarin red 11 AB, (20%,) 1 part sulfate of chromium, and 4 parts solution of acetate of lime, (16 1%.). Treat the goods as described in Example 6.

Example 8: 50 parts of cotton previously oiled in the usual way are dyed in a bath prepared from: 1200 parts Water, 30 parts common salt, 5 parts alizarin in 20 per cent. paste, 0,? part ferrous sulfate. Wash and soap as described in Example 0.

lhe beautiful shades thus obtained penetrate Well.

Having now described my invention and in What manner the same is to be performed, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process of treating vegetable fiber consisting in mixing in one bath an oxyanthraquinone substance, a suitable mordant and more than 1%calculated from the amount of liquid used in the dyebathof a Water soluble alkali salt, entering the goods preferably at ordinary temperature and exhausting the bath by gradually heating to boiling;

2. The process of treating vegetable fiber vconsisting in mixing in one bath an oxyanthraqui-none substance, an alumina mordant and more than l%-calculated from the amount of liquid used in the dyebath-of a Water soluble alkali salt, entering the goods preferably at ordinary temperature and exhausting the bath by gradually heating to boiling. h

The process of treating vegetable fiber consisting in mixing in one bath an oxyanthraquinone substance, a suitable mordant and more than 1%calculated from the amount of liquid used in the dyebath-of chlorid of sodium, entering the goods preferably at ordinary temperature and exhausting the bath by gradually heating to boiling.

4. The process of treating vegetable fiber consisting in mixing in one bath alizarin red, a suitable mordant and more than 1% calculated from the amount of liquid used in the dyebath-of a Water soluble alkali salt, entering the goods preferably at ordinary temperature and exhausting the bath by gradually heating to boiling.

5. The process of treating vegetable fiber consisting in mixing in one bath alizarin red, an alumina mordant and more than 1%-calculated from the amount of liquid used in the dyebath of chlorid of sodium entering the goods preferably at ordinary temperature and exhausting the bath by gradually heating to boiling.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

RENE OTT. L s.]

Witnesses O'rro Kome, WALTER EoKEsKAMP.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, 1).. 0. 

